We’ve modified our Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) diagram to illustrate the effects on this from conflict and/or a severe breakdown in governance. These adverse effects on civil society are common in crises or complex emergency situations. Follow this link for a jpeg version of this modified DRR diagram:
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This modified DRR diagram is now included in the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Framework article (see page 14) which can be accessed from the link below. This article includes a description of the four key TorqAid diagrams used to describe DRM, these being the Disaster Risk Management Cycle (DRMC), Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) illustration, DRM Planning diagram, and Project Management Cycle (PMC).
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Topics TC08 and TC09 of the accredited Participatory Disaster Risk Management (PDRM) program cover issues relating to Crises and Complex Emergencies (CEs). See the links below to the 2025 online PDRM program. In the past Crisis/CE case studies have included the Rohingya in Bangladesh; Afghanistan, Syria, Gaza, Yemen, and Ukraine. For the forthcoming 2025 online PDRM program, we are looking at a Middle Eastern scenario for Topic TC08; and then the Rohingya in Bangladesh, and forced displacement in Myanmar for Topic TC09. We also cover the 2020-2023 COVID-19 pandemic in Topic TC 09.
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With reference to conflict breaking out again in NW Syria in December 2025, the reader might be interested to note this customised DRR diagram illustrating the situation and key events in Syria (Or at least parts of it) over the period 2011 through to the end of 2017.
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